{"id":11758,"date":"2020-04-27T09:08:24","date_gmt":"2020-04-27T06:08:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/?p=11758"},"modified":"2026-01-09T11:21:17","modified_gmt":"2026-01-09T09:21:17","slug":"10-major-achievements-of-catherine-the-great","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/uk\/10-major-achievements-of-catherine-the-great\/","title":{"rendered":"10 Major Achievements of Catherine the Great That Changed Russia Forever"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"78\" data-end=\"514\">Catherine II, better known as Catherine the Great, ruled the Russian Empire for an impressive 34 years\u2014from 1762 to 1796\u2014making her the longest-reigning female leader in Russian history. Her era of rule, often referred to as the &#8220;Catherinean Age,&#8221; is widely regarded as a golden era in Russian history. Through savvy diplomacy, bold reforms, and ambitious military campaigns, she transformed Russia into one of Europe\u2019s foremost powers.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"516\" data-end=\"598\">Let\u2019s take a look at 10 of Catherine the Great\u2019s most influential accomplishments.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11761\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya-koronaziya.jpg\" alt=\"10 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya-koronaziya.jpg 600w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya-koronaziya-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya-koronaziya-90x60.jpg 90w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"605\" data-end=\"656\">She Was Russia\u2019s Longest-Reigning Female Monarch<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"658\" data-end=\"1172\">Catherine married the future Emperor Peter III in 1745. But when Peter ascended to the throne in 1762, his reign was short-lived. Within months, Catherine orchestrated a coup and declared herself Empress of Russia. Her 34-year reign would become one of the most transformative in the country\u2019s history. Known for her intelligence, political prowess, and commitment to Enlightenment ideals, she earned the title &#8220;Catherine the Great&#8221; and ushered in an era that saw Russia flourish both culturally and territorially.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11760\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/bitva-s-osmanskoi-imperiey.jpeg\" alt=\"10 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438\" width=\"600\" height=\"315\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/bitva-s-osmanskoi-imperiey.jpeg 600w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/bitva-s-osmanskoi-imperiey-300x158.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/bitva-s-osmanskoi-imperiey-325x170.jpeg 325w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1179\" data-end=\"1231\">She Led Russia to Victory Over the Ottoman Empire<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1233\" data-end=\"1785\">At the time, the Ottoman Empire controlled much of the Black Sea region, cutting off Russia\u2019s access to vital southern ports. Catherine saw this as a strategic weakness and launched a successful military campaign during the Russo-Turkish War of 1768\u20131774. The war ended with the Treaty of K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Kaynarca, which secured crucial territorial gains for Russia and gave it the right to maintain a fleet on the Black Sea. This marked the beginning of Russia\u2019s emergence as a major naval power and a protector of Orthodox Christians within the Ottoman Empire.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11766\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya5.jpg\" alt=\"10 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya5.jpg 640w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya5-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1792\" data-end=\"1849\">She Cemented Russia\u2019s Dominance in Southeastern Europe<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1851\" data-end=\"2326\">In 1783, Catherine formally annexed Crimea, a bold move that reignited conflict with the Ottomans. The second major Russo-Turkish War (1787\u20131792) ended in another decisive Russian victory. With the Treaty of Jassy, the Ottoman Empire recognized Russia\u2019s claim to Crimea and ceded more territory along the northern coast of the Black Sea. These victories gave Russia control over vast new lands and strengthened its political and military influence across southeastern Europe.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ekaterina-II.jpg\" alt=\"10 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439\" width=\"768\" height=\"439\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ekaterina-II.jpg 768w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ekaterina-II-300x171.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2333\" data-end=\"2380\">She Dramatically Expanded the Russian Empire<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2382\" data-end=\"2881\">Under Catherine\u2019s leadership, Russia\u2019s territory grew by over 500,000 square kilometers. Through the partitioning of Poland alongside Prussia and Austria, Russia gained massive tracts of land, including parts of modern-day Ukraine, Belarus, and Lithuania. She also laid the foundations for Russia\u2019s expansion into North America by beginning the colonization of Alaska. Although her Persian campaign was cut short by her death in 1796, she had already reshaped the geopolitical map of Eastern Europe.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11763\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya2.jpg\" alt=\"10 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya2.jpg 768w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya2-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2888\" data-end=\"2929\">She Revolutionized Education in Russia<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2931\" data-end=\"3462\">Catherine was a strong advocate for education reform. In 1782, she commissioned a detailed study of international education systems, which informed the creation of a national public school network. By 1786, she introduced the Charter for Public Schools, establishing free, co-educational primary and secondary schools throughout the empire. Although the reach was limited, by the end of her reign more than 62,000 students were enrolled in 549 state-run institutions\u2014an impressive start for a country still emerging from feudalism.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11770\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/smolnii.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0421\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442\" width=\"748\" height=\"468\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/smolnii.jpeg 748w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/smolnii-300x188.jpeg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"3469\" data-end=\"3532\">She Founded Russia\u2019s First Institution for Women\u2019s Education<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3534\" data-end=\"4060\">Catherine believed that educating women was crucial to building a more enlightened society. In 1764, she founded the Smolny Institute in St. Petersburg\u2014the first state-funded higher education institution for women in Russia and all of Europe. The following year, she established the Novodevichy Institute in Moscow for girls from non-noble families. She also expanded orphanages and boarding schools and helped Moscow University become a global academic center. Her efforts laid the groundwork for women&#8217;s education in Russia.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11764\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya3.jpg\" alt=\"10 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439\" width=\"608\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya3.jpg 608w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya3-300x154.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 608px) 100vw, 608px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"4067\" data-end=\"4115\">She Overhauled Russia\u2019s Administrative System<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4117\" data-end=\"4664\">Governing a vast and diverse empire required a more efficient bureaucracy. In 1775, Catherine issued the \u201cStatute for the Administration of the Provinces,\u201d which reorganized Russia into provinces and districts based on population size. Each province was equipped with its own police, judiciary, and administration, overseen by a governor who reported directly to the Empress. By the end of her reign, Russia had 50 provinces and nearly 500 districts, doubling the number of civil servants and significantly increasing local administrative budgets.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11773\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/pervii-rubl.jpg\" alt=\"\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/pervii-rubl.jpg 800w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/pervii-rubl-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/pervii-rubl-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"4671\" data-end=\"4707\">She Modernized Trade and Currency<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4709\" data-end=\"5275\">Catherine recognized that a strong economy was key to sustaining her empire. In 1785, she issued the Charter to the Nobility, freeing the gentry from compulsory service and giving them more rights. The same year, she introduced the Charter to the Towns, aiming to empower the middle class and curtail the influence of aristocrats. She improved commercial laws and launched infrastructure projects to boost communication and trade. To solve a silver shortage, she founded the Assignation Bank in 1769, which issued Russia\u2019s first paper currency\u2014the assignation ruble.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11767\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/economichiskoe-obshestvo.jpg\" alt=\"\u0421\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u044d\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\" width=\"604\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/economichiskoe-obshestvo.jpg 604w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/economichiskoe-obshestvo-300x127.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 604px) 100vw, 604px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"5282\" data-end=\"5334\">She Helped Launch Russia\u2019s First Economic Society<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"5336\" data-end=\"5823\">In 1765, Catherine supported the creation of the Free Economic Society in St. Petersburg, established by wealthy landowners led by Count Grigory Orlov. This was Russia\u2019s first scholarly economic society and one of the first of its kind in the world. Catherine provided funding and actively encouraged its research. The Society promoted modern agricultural techniques and spread Enlightenment ideas, drawing influence from leading European economists like Arthur Young and Jacques Necker.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11765\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya4.jpg\" alt=\"10 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439\" width=\"640\" height=\"486\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya4.jpg 640w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Ecaterina-Velikaya4-300x228.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"5830\" data-end=\"5873\">She Championed the Russian Enlightenment<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"5875\" data-end=\"6433\">Catherine saw herself as a child of the Enlightenment. She corresponded with European philosophers such as Voltaire and Diderot, and she authored plays, fiction, and memoirs herself. Her reign saw an explosion of cultural development, including the expansion of theaters, art, science, and literature. She founded the Hermitage Museum, which began as her private art collection and has grown into one of the largest museums in the world. She also supported the founding of the Bolshoi and Maly Theaters, anchoring Russia\u2019s emergence as a cultural superpower.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11772\" src=\"https:\/\/www.facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Triumf_Ekateriny.jpg\" alt=\"10 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0415\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439\" width=\"471\" height=\"345\" srcset=\"https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Triumf_Ekateriny.jpg 471w, https:\/\/facts-worldwide.info\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/Triumf_Ekateriny-300x220.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 471px) 100vw, 471px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"6440\" data-end=\"6493\">Bonus: <em data-start=\"6450\" data-end=\"6461\">The Nakaz<\/em> \u2013 Her Vision for a Just Society<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6495\" data-end=\"6959\">In 1767, Catherine wrote the <em data-start=\"6524\" data-end=\"6531\">Nakaz<\/em> (&#8220;Instruction&#8221;) for the Legislative Commission, which was convened to draft a new Russian legal code. In it, she advocated for the equality of all citizens under the law and argued against torture and the death penalty. Though the commission never completed the code, the <em data-start=\"6804\" data-end=\"6811\">Nakaz<\/em> became a symbol of progressive political thought in Russia and even influenced Western legal thinkers\u2014including those behind the U.S. Constitution.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6966\" data-end=\"6984\"><strong data-start=\"6966\" data-end=\"6984\">Final Thoughts<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6986\" data-end=\"7332\">Catherine the Great was far more than just a monarch\u2014she was a reformer, strategist, patron of the arts, and visionary. Her reign not only reshaped the map of Europe but also transformed the cultural and intellectual landscape of Russia. From education to law, warfare to literature, her legacy continues to influence the country centuries later.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7334\" data-end=\"7466\" data-is-last-node=\"\" data-is-only-node=\"\">Her story is a powerful reminder of how leadership, vision, and an unrelenting drive for progress can shape the destiny of a nation.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Catherine II, better known as Catherine the Great, ruled the&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11762,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[80,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11758","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-interesting","category-people"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>10 Major Achievements of Catherine the Great<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Catherine II, better known as Catherine the Great, ruled the Russian Empire for an impressive 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